Schedule for Natural Beauty Seminar
Spring 2012, Hettinger
Why Environmental Aesthetics (& What Is It?)
1. Introduction
2. Ronald Hepburn “Contemporary Aesthetics and the Neglect of Natural Beauty”
What is Aesthetics?
3. Alan Goldman, "The Aesthetic," in Berys Gaut and Dominic Lopes, eds., Routledge Companion to Aesthetics (2001), pp. 181-192.
4. Gary Iseminger, "Aesthetic Experience," in Oxford Handbook of Aesthetics (2003), ed. by Jerrold Levinson, pp. 99-116.
5. Yuriko Saito,“Neglect of Everyday Aesthetics,” from Saito’s Everyday Aesthetics (Oxford Univ Press, 2007), pp. 9-53.
Knowledge-Based Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature (Cognitivism)
6. Allen Carlson, “Appreciation and the Natural Environment,” Ch 4 of Aesthetics and the Natural Environment (Routledge, 2000), pp. 41-53
7. Carlson,“Nature, Aesthetic Judgment, and Objectivity” Ch 5 of Aesthetics and the Natural Environment (Routledge, 2000), pp. 54-71.
Responses to Carlson’s Cognitivism
8. Thomas Heyd, “Aesthetic Appreciation and the Many Stories about Nature,” British Journal of Aesthetics 41, 2001.
9. Robert Stecker, “Environmental Aesthetics; Natural Beauty,” Ch. 2 of Stecker’s Aesthetics and the Philosophy of Art: An Introduction, pp. 13-33 (response to Carlson and very thorough discussion of whole subject–role of kn and other dimensions)
a. Additional readings
i. Robert Stecker, “The Correct and the Appropriate in the Appreciation of Nature,” The British Journal of Aesthetics 37: 1997: 393-403.
Emotion responses to nature and nature’s expressive properties
10. Carroll, Noel, "On Being Moved by Nature: Between Religion and Natural History," in Salim Kemal and Ivan Gaskell, eds., Landscape, Natural Beauty and the Arts (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), pages 244-266.
a. Additional readings on Carroll/Carlson Debate
i. Allen Carlson, “Nature, Aesthetic Appreciation, and Knowledge,” Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 653 1995, 393-400. (Carlson response to Carroll and Godlovitch)
ii. Carroll, Noel, “Emotion, Appreciation and Nature” (a response to above Carlson article “Nature, Aesthetic Appreciation, and Knowledge” Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 53 (1995): 393-400 where he criticizes Carroll) in Noel Carroll, Beyond Aesthetics, Cambridge 2001, pp.384-394.
iii. Sheila Lintott "Adjudicating the Debate Over Two Models of Nature Appreciation," Journal of Aesthetic Education, 38 (3) (2004) , pp. 52-72.
11. Emily Brady, “Emotion, Expressive Qualities, and Nature,” in Aesthetics of the Natural Environment (Edinburgh, Great Britain: Edinburgh University Press, 2003) pp. 172-183.
a. Additional readings on nature and expressive (e.g., emotional) Qualities
i. Malcolm Budd, “Nature’s Expressive Qualities” in The Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature: Essays on the Aesthetics of Nature (NY : Oxford University Press, 2002), pp. 115-18.
ii. John Fisher, “Expressive Properties,” in Reflecting on Art (Mayfield, 1993), pp. 334-339.
Imagination and the Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature
12. Marcia Eaton, “Fact and Fiction in the Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature” in A. Berleant and A. Carlson (eds.) Special Issue: Environmental Aesthetics, Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 56 (1998): 149-56.
13. Emily Brady, “The Integrated Aesthetic II: Imagination. . . ” Ch. 6 of Aesthetics of the Natural Environment (Edinburgh, Great Britain: Edinburgh University Press, 2003), pp. 146-???
a. Additional readings
i. Robert Fudge, “Imagination and the Science-based Aesthetic Appreciation of unscenic Nature, Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 59 2001 275-285.
ii. Ron Moore, “Connective Beauty and Elaborative Imagination” in Natural Beauty: A Theory of Aesthetics Beyond the Arts (Broadview Press, 2008): pp. 178-192.
Engagement
14. Rolston, Holmes, III 1995. “Does Aesthetic Appreciation of Landscapes Need to be Science-Based?” British Journal of Aesthetics 35 (4), pp. 374-386.
15. Arnold Berleant, “The Aesthetics of Art and Nature,” in Carlson and Berleant, eds., The Aesthetics of Natural Environments, pp 76-88 (Broadview Press, 2004).
Week of Glenn Parsons visit (March 12-15)
16. Robert Stecker, “Epistemic Norms, Moral Norms and Nature Appreciation” (on to what extent there are epistemic and moral norms for aes appreciation of nature–including discussion of beautiful pollution sunsets), Fall 2011, Draft,
17. Glenn Parsons, Should we Save Nature’s Hidden Gems? Draft
Formalism and Nature Appreciation
18. Nick Zangwill, “Formal Natural Beauty” Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 2001, pp. 209-224.
a. Additional readings:
i. Glenn Parsons, “Natural Functions and the Aesthetic Appreciation of Inorganic Nature,” British Journal of Aesthetics 44 (2004) 44-56.
ii. Allen Carlson and Glenn Parsons, "New Formalism and the Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature," Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 62 (2004): 363-376.
iii. Zangwill, Nick, “In Defence of Extreme Formalism about Inorganic Nature: Reply to Parsons” British Journal of Aesthetics, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 185-191, April 2005.
iv. Nick Zangwill, “Rocks and Sunsets: A Defense of Ignorant Pleasures,” Revista di Estetica, n.s., 29 (2/2005), XLV, pp. 53-59.
v. Allen Carlson, “Formal qualities in the natural environment” Ch 3 of Aesthetics and the Natural Environment (Routledge, 2000), pp. 28-40.
vi. Nick Zangwill, "Clouds of Illusion in the Aesthetics of Nature", Philosophical Quarterly, 2009.
Another defense of scientific cognitivism
19. Patricia Matthews “Scientific Knowledge and the Aes App of Nature,” Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 60 (2002) 37-48.
a. Additional Readings
i. Glenn Parsons, “Theory, Observation, and the Role of Scientific Understanding in the Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature,” Canadian Journal of Philosophy 36 (2006) 165-186
ii. Malcolm Budd, “Knowledge of Nature,” in The Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature: Essays on the Aesthetics of Nature (New York : Oxford University Press, 2002), pp. 19-23
Relativity and Objectivity in the Aesthetics of Nature
20. John Fisher “What the Hills are Alive With—In Defense of the Sounds of Nature,” in The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 50:2, 1998, 167-179, and J. A. Walter, "You'll Love the Rockies," Landscape 17, 2, (1983):43-47.
21. Malcolm Budd on Relativity in Nature Appreciation from The Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature: Essays on the Aesthetics of Nature (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002): 1.7 “Knowledge of Nature,” pp. 19-23; 3.3 “Appreciating Nature as What Nature Actually Is” pp. 95-97; 3.5 "Freedom and Relativity in the Aesthetic appreciation of Nature” pp. 106-109; 4.6 “Categories of Nature and Objectivity” pp. 121-124; 4.8 “Freedom, Relativity, Objectivity, and Positive Aesthetics” pp. 127-129; 4.10 “A Chimerical Quest” pp. 146-148.
22. Ronald Hepburn, "Trivial and Serious in Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature," in Salim Kemal and Ivan Gaskell eds., Landscape, Natural Beauty and the Arts Cambridge, 1993, pp. 65-77.
23. Ned Hettinger, “Objectivity in Environmental Aesthetics and Protection of the Environment,” in Allen Carlson and Sheila Lintott, eds., Duty to Beauty: From Aesthetics of Nature to Environmentalism (New York: Columbia University Press, 2008) (available on class web page)
a. Additional readings on objectivity
i. Fisher and Hettinger, Draft, “Objectivity and Environmental Aesthetics: Is Natural Beauty in the Eye of the Beholder?”
ii. Sibley on Objectivity yes! Frank Sibley, “Objectivity and Aesthetics,” Proceedings of the Aristotelean Society, Supplementary vol 42 1968.
iii. Yuriko Saito, "Is There a Correct Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature?" Journal of Aesthetic Education, 18 (Winter 1984): 35-46.
iv. Kendall Walton, "Categories of Art," Philosophical Review 79 (1970) 339-67
v. **Carlson,“Nature, Aesthetic Judgment, and Objectivity” Ch 5 of Aesthetics and the Natural Environment (Routledge, 2000), 54-71
vi. Parsons, Glenn, 2006. “Freedom and Objectivity in the Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature,” British Journal of Aesthetics 46, 1: 17-37.
vii. Malcolm Budd, “Objectivity and the Aesthetic Value of Nature: Reply to Parsons,” British Journal of Aesthetics 46/3 (July 2006): 267-273.
Aesthetic Protectionism
24. Loftis, J. Robert, "Three Problems for the Aesthetic Foundations of Environmental Ethics," Philosophy in the Contemporary World 10 (no. 2, Fall-Winter 2003):41-50.
25. Kevin Elliott and Katherine Robinson, "Environmental Aesthetics and Public Environmental Philosophy," Ethics, Policy, & Environment 14 (2011)
a. Additional readings on aesthetic protectionism
i. Brady, E. 2006. 'Aesthetics in Practice: Valuing the Natural World', Environmental Values, 15:3, 2006 277-291. (O’Neill says that she discusses conflicts between particular forms of aes value and other env. Values).
ii. Comedy-central and Stewart windmill nimbyism on Nantucket-
iii. Fisher and Hettinger, Draft “Chap 5: Environmentalist’s Worries about the Relevance of Aesthetics ” (available on class web page)
iv. Stan Godlovitch, “Aesthetic Protectionism,” Journal of Applied Philosophy 6,2 1989 pp. 171-181
v. **Saito, Yuriko “The Role of Aesthetics in Civic Environmentalism,” in Arnold Berleant and Allen Carlson, eds., The Aesthetics of Human Environments (Peterborough, Ont: Broadview, 2007), pp. 203-18.
vi. Thompson, Janna, “Aesthetics and the Value of Nature,” Environmental Ethics 17 (1995) 291-305.
vii. Ned Hettinger, “Allen Carlson's Environmental Aesthetics and the Protection of the Environment,” Environmental Ethics 27, 1 (Spring 2005): 57-76.
viii. Holmes Rolston, "From Beauty to Duty: Aesthetics of Nature and Environmental Ethics." Pages 127-141 in Arnold Berleant, eds., Environment and the Arts: Perspectives on Environmental Ethics (Aldershot, Hampshire, UK and Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2002)
ix. Marcia Eaton, “The Beauty that Requires Health,” in J. Nassauer, ed., Placing Nature: Culture and Landscape Ecology (Island Press, 1997): pp. 86-106.
x. Carlson, Ch 9: “Environmental Education and the Dilemma of Aesthetic Education” in Aesthetics and the Natural Environment (Routledge, 2000), pp. 138-149
xi. Ned Hettinger “Animal Beauty, Ethics, and Environmental Preservation”
xii. Robert Elliott, Faking Nature: The Ethics of Environmental Restoration (Routledge, 1997) pp. 58-73 (“Naturalness and other bases of natural value” and “Aesthetic value and intrinsic value”)
xiii. Sheila Lintott "Toward Eco-Friendly Aesthetics," Environmental Ethics 28,1 (Spring 2006): 57-76.
xiv. Emily Brady, Ch 8, “Aesthetics, Ethics and Environmental Conservation” in Aesthetics of the Natural Environment (Edinburgh, Great Britain: Edinburgh University Press, 2003), pp. 224-267.
Positive Aesthetics
26. Holmes Rolston III, “Is All Beauty in Nature?”, “Ugliness Transformed in Ecosystemic Perspective,” and “Beyond Beauty to the Sublime,” selections from Environmental Ethics: Duties to and Values in the Natural World (Temple University Press, 1988), pp. 237-245.
27. Yuriko Saito, “The Aesthetics of Unscenic Nature” in A. Berleant and A. Carlson (eds.) Special Issue: Environmental Aesthetics, Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 56 (1998): 102-111.
28. Ned Hettinger, “Evaluating Positive Aesthetics” Draft
a. Additional readings positive aesthetics
i. Glenn Parsons, “Nature Appreciation, Science and Positive Aesthetics” British Journal of Aesthetics 42,3, July 2002.
ii. Allen Carlson, "Nature and Positive Aesthetics," Environmental Ethics 6 (1984): 5-34.
iii. John Fisher, “All (Wild) Animals are Beautiful” draft paper.
iv. Malcolm Budd on Positive Aesthetics from The Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature: Essays on the Aesthetics of Nature (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002): 3.4 “Positive Aesthetics with Respect to Nature,” pp. 97-107; 4.7 “Positive Aesthetics” pp. 125-127