James C. Anderson and Jeffrey Dean 1988, Moderate Autonomism, British Journal of Aes 38 ,1 April I haved Also Carroll's response, I have too.

Noel Carrol 1996, Moderate Moralism, British Journal of Aesthetics 36,3 July

Marcia Eaton, 1997, Aesthetics: The Mother of Ethics? Journal of Aes and Art Criticism 55 4

Berys Gaut, The Ethical Criticism of Art" in Levinson Aesthetics and Ethics, Cambridge 1998 defends this type of criticism strongly

Here's the reference: Michael Slote, ""The Rationality of Aesthetic Value Judgments,"" Journal of Philosophy, 68, 821-839, 1971. Of course, I don't believe the thesis (objectivity in aesthetics) for a second. But he provides the best argument I've seen.

Noel Carroll, "Art and Ethical Criticism: An Overview of Recent Directions of Research," Ethics 110 (2000), pp. 350-387. I have

Jeffrey Dean, Aesthetics and Ethics: The state of the Art , From Aesthetics on line, 22,2 Fall 2002 I have

Howard Radist and Aes and Ethics

Jerrold Levinson, Aesthetics and Ethics: Essays at the Intersection, Cambridge 1998.

Marcia Eaton, Aesthetics: The Mother of Ethics? JAAC 55, 4 Fall 1997.

Merit, aesthetic and ethical / Marcia Muelder Eaton. In Library BH39 .E265 200 Oxford University Press, 2001.

end aesthetics and ethics

Danto, Philosophizing Art U of Calif press

Carroll, Philosophy of Horror (weird) Routledge

Danto, After the End of Art Princeton

Michael Kelly, Ed. Encyclopedia of Aesthetics Oxford University Press

Noel Carroll, Philosophy of Art: A Contemporary Introduction Routledge 1999, 224, 18.99

John Fisher, Reflecting on Art

Yasmina Reza,, Art

Battim et al., Puzzles about Art: An Aesthetics Casebook (Hugh too)

Alperson, The Philosophy of the Visual Arts

Marcia Eaton, Basic Issues in Aesthetics

Stephen Davies, Rock versus Classical Music, JAAC 57,2 Spring 1999.

Marcia Eaton, Where is the spear? The question of aesthetic relevance. British Journal of Aes

1992, vol 32 1-12.

Marcia Eaton, Aesthetics and the Good Life, Cranbury Associated Univ Press, 1989.

Art and nonart : reflections on an orange crate and a moose call / Marcia Muelder Eaton.

Fairleigh Dickinson University Press ; London : Associated University Press, c1983.

C of C Stacks N71E21983

Aesthetics and Environment

Pauline von Bonsdorff, The Human Habitat. Aesthetic and Axiological Perspectives, 1998.

Pauline von Bonsdorff and Arto Haapala, Aesthetics in the Human Environment, ed., 1999.

Allen Carlson and Arnold Berleant, The Aesthetics of Natural Environments (Broadview Press, 2004) Includes:

Introduction: The Aesthetics of Nature - Allen Carlson and Arnold Berleant

1. Contemporary Aesthetics and the Neglect of Natural Beauty - Ronald Hepburn

2. Appreciation and the Natural Environment - Allen Carlson

3. The Aesthetics of Art and Nature - Arnold Berleant

4. On Being Moved by Nature: Between Religion and Natural History - Noël Carroll

5. Icebreakers: Environmentalism and Natural Aesthetics - Stan Godlovitch

6. Landscape and the Metaphysical Imagination - Ronald Hepburn

7. Appreciating Nature on Its Own Terms - Yuriko Saito

8. Imagination and the Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature - Emily Brady

9. Fact and Fiction in the Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature - Marcia Muelder Eaton

10. The Aesthetic Experience of Forests - Holmes Rolston III

11. The Narrative and the Ambient in Environmental Aesthetics - Cheryl Foster

12. Appreciating Natural Beauty as Natural - Ronald Moore

13. What the Hills are Alive With: In Defense of the Sounds of Nature - John Andrew Fisher

14. Scenery and the Aesthetics of Nature - Donald W. Crawford

15. Aesthetic Appreciation and the Many Stories about Nature - Thomas Heyd

16. Environmental Stories: Speaking and Writing Nature - Yrjö Sepänmaa

Philosophy & Geography Volume 6, Number 1 February 2003

Wetland gloom and wetland glory pp. 33 - 45 J. Baird Callicott

Special Issue on Art of Ethics and Environment, Vol 8,1 Spring 2003, includes articles by Rothenberg, Emily Brady on topiary, edited by Chris Cuomo.

Below in library

Budd, Malcolm, 1941-

The aesthetic appreciation of nature : essays on the aesthetics of nature / Malcolm Budd.

Oxford : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2002.

Crandell, Gina.

Nature pictorialized : "the view" in landscape history / Gina Crandell.

Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press, c1993.

Huth, Hans, 1892-

Nature and the American: three centuries of changing attitudes.

Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press [1972, c1957]

Opdyke, George Howard, 1877-

Art and nature appreciation, by George Howard Opdyke ... with a foreword by Everett Victor Meeks ... and an introductory note by Charles Butler.

New York, The Macmillan company, 1932.

Rothenberg, David, 1962-

Sudden music : improvisation, sound, nature / David Rothenberg.

Athens : University of Georgia Press, c2002.

Shepard, Paul, 1925-

Man in the landscape; a historic view of the esthetics of nature.

New York, Knopf; [distributed by Random House] 1967.

Shuler, Martha.

The nature of beauty / text by Martha and Jay Shuler ; photographs by Jay Shuler ; edited by William P. Baldwin, Patty B. Fulcher and V. Elizabeth Turk. McClellanville, S.C. : The Village Museum, 2003. In this compilation of excerpts of texts of recorded conversations with Martha Shuler and excerpts from the photography and writings of Jay Shuler, the Shulers tell of their lives, their adventures, and their love for nature and for each other. "These essays of Jay's ... first appeared in Greenville, South Carolina's newspaper, The Greenville News. His weekly column was called 'On Nature's Trail' and ran from 1969 to 1973."--p. 33.

Skutch, Alexander Frank, 1904-

Origins of nature's beauty / essays by Alexander F. Skutch ; illustrated by Dana Gardner.

Austin, Tex. : University of Texas Press, 1992.

Solnit, Rebecca.

As Eve said to the serpent : on landscape, gender, and art / Rebecca Solnit.

Athens, Ga. : University of Georgia Press, c2001.

Thacker, Christopher. cn

The wildness pleases : the origins of romanticism / by Christopher Thacker.

Tuan, Yi-fu, 1930-

Passing strange and wonderful : aesthetics, nature, and culture / Yi-Fu Tuan.

Washington, D.C. : Shearwater Books, 1993.

Verdi, Richard.

Klee and nature / Richard Verdi.

New York : Rizzoli, 1985.

The Wilderness and the West [videorecording] / written & presented by Robert Hughes ; a Planet 24 production in association with BBC Television ; a Time Inc.-BBC co-production ; produced in association with Thirteen/WNET. [Alexandria, VA] : PBS Home Video, [1997].An eight part series presenting American history through its visual art, painting, sculpture, architecture and monuments. In this third segment as majestic primal America fosters the idea of landscape as God's fingerprint, landscape painting holds deep religious and patriotic connotations. Soon, the belief in Manifest Destiny is embodied in art. Traveling from Yellowstone to the Hudson Valley, Hughes explores the artists Thomas Cole, John Audubon, Albert Bierstadt, John Gast, Currier & Ives, Emanuel Leutze, George Catlin, Frederick Church, Frederic Remington, Thomas Noran and William Jackson. In their work he finds the conflicting impulses to worship the land and to conquer it, to create a myth of the West just as the frontier is closing. ???London : Croom Helm ; New York : St. Martin's Press, 1983.

Willis, Delta.

The sand dollar and the slide rule : drawing blueprints from nature / Delta Willis.

Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley, c1995.

Above in library

"Rooted Art?: Environmental Art and Out Attachment to Nature, IQ: Internet Journal of applied Aesthetics, vol1, 1998, http:/www.lpt.fi/io/io98/brady.html

Andrew Light and Jonathan Smith, eds., The Aesthetics of Everyday Life, Seven Bridges Press, 2002.

Aesthetics of Everyday Life

Edited by Andrew Light, New York University

Jonathan M. Smith, Texas A & M University

© 2002 / 336 pages

ISBN 1-889119-60-1 paperback $26.95

The philosophical field of aesthetics is diverse, rich, and very much alive today. But even with the success of various books, journals, and conferences in this area there are still gaps in the

literature. One such gap is that represented by the aesthetic of the "everyday," or, aesthetic

reflection on commonplace objects outside of those normally associated with aesthetic criticism

(such as the plastic and performance arts). This collection of newly commissioned articles offers an alternative cross disciplinary approach to aesthetics which fills this gap. The volume collects

papers that investigate issues ranging from broadly theoretical treatments of the notion of an

everyday aesthetic, to reflections on the aesthetics of everyday built spaces, to specific analyses of different everyday activities, such as sport, eating, and the experience of weather. While the work of philosophers, all of the authors take up their subject matter in an interdisciplinary

context and write in a style that is generally accessible for a broad audience. The volume

contains contributions from both North American and European scholars, including premiere writers on aesthetics from England, Finland and Germany. Students will find the perspective of the volume particularly appealing because it is concerned with commonly encountered objects, accessible to all

Table of Contents

Andrew Light and Jonathan M. Smith: Introduction: Everyday Aesthetics and the Aesthetics of the Everyday

I. Theorizing the Aesthetics of the Everyday Tom Leddy: The Nature of Everyday Aesthetics

Arnold Berleant: Ideas for a Social Aesthetic

Arto Haapala: On the Aesthetics of the Everyday: Familiarity, Strangeness and the Meaning of Place

Michael A. Principe: Danto and Baruchello: From Art to the Aesthetics of the Everyday

II. Appreciating the Everyday Environment

Pauline von Bonsdorff: Building and the Naturally Unplanned

Allen Carlson: What is the Correct Curriculum for Landscape?

Andrew Light: Wim Wenders's Everyday Aesthetics

III. Finding the Everyday Aesthetic

Wolfgang Welsch: Sport Viewed Aesthetically, and Even as Art

Yuriko Saito: The Aesthetics of Weather

Emily Brady: Sniffing and Savoring: the Aesthetics of Smells and Tastes

Glenn Kuehn: How Can Food Be Art?

J. Nassauer, "The Appearance of Ecological Systems as a Matter of Policy," Landscape Ecology 6,4 (1992): 239-250.

J.R. Stilgoe, Common Landscapes of America 1580-1845, Yale, 1982 and MH Segall, "Visual Art: Some Prospects in Cross-Cultural Psychology," in Beyond Aesthetics, ed. Brotherwell, London, 1976. According to Marcia, these references show "How human perceptions oand assessments of wilderness have changed across the centuries and how they differ geographically and culturally"

Canadian Aesthetics Journal / canadienne d'esthétique Volume 6 Fall/Automne 2001

Online at:https://www.uqtr.uquebec.ca/AE/Vol_6/Carlson (I have)

Includes:

Querying Allen Carlson´s Aesthetics and the Environment Thomas Heyd

Reflections on Allen Carlson's Aesthetics and the Environment

Ira Newman

Heyd and Newman on the aesthetic appreciation of nature

Allen Carlson

Arnold Berleant, "Environment and the Arts: Perspectives on Environmental Aesthetics, (Aldershot, Hampshire, UK and Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2002) Introduction: Art, environment and the shaping of experience, Arnold Berleant; Data and theory in aesthetics: philosophical understanding and misunderstanding, Ronald W. Hepburn; The two aesthetic cultures: the great analogy of art and the environment, Yrjö Sepänmaa; Art and nature: the interplay of works of art and natural phenomena, Arto Haapala; Nature appreciation and the question of aesthetic relevance, Allen Carlson; Embodied metaphors, Kaia Lehari; Urban richness and the art of building, Pauline von Bonsdorff; Front yards, Kevin Melchionne; Aesthetics, ethics and the natural environment, Emily Brady From beauty to duty: aesthetics of nature and environmental ethics, Holmes Rolston; Embodied music Arnold Berleant; Dot.com Dot.edu: technology and environmental aesthetics in Japan, Barbara Sandrisser Environmental directions for aesthetics and the arts, Yuriko Saito; Index.

Patricia Matthews, Aesthetic Appreciation of Art and Nature, British Journal of Aesthetics 41,4 October 2001

T.J. Diffey, "Arguing about the Environment," British Journal of Aesthetics, 40,1 Jan 2002

Arnold Berleant, Living in the Landscape: Toward an Aesthetics of Environment Kansas, 1997. I have. Essays, including one on Sacred Environments and Education as Aesthetic and Aesthetics and Community. Architecture and Aesthetics of Continuity. and "The Human Touch and the Beauty of Nature"

Arnold Berleant, Aesthetics and the Environment (Temple, 1992. (I have) (Chs. on "Designing outer space" and Environmental criticism" "The aesthetics of art and nature"

Allen Carlson, Aesthetics and Engagement, British Journal of Aesthetics, 33,3 July 1993 on Berleant.

Cheryl Foster, Nature and Artistic Creation, Encyclopedia of Aesthetics, V 3 1998, Oxford p.338

Cheryl Foster, The Narrative and the Ambient in Envrionmental Aesthetics," JAAC 56,2 Spring 1998.

Allen Carlson, Landscape Assessment, p. 102, Encyclopedia of Aesthetics, V 3 1998, Oxford

Martin Seel, Aesthetics of Natre and Ethics, Encyclopedia of Aesthetics, V 3 1998, Oxford\

Yurito Saito, Japanese Aes App of Nature, Encyclopedia of Aesthetics, V 3 1998, Oxford

Allen Carlson, Nature: Contemporary Thought, Encyclopedia of Aesthetics, V 3 1998, Oxford

Cheryl Foster, APA paper "Carlson Iconoclast"

Emily Brady, APA paper, "Between Nature and Art: Aesthetic Appreciation of Cultural Environments"

Joan Nassauer, " Cultural Sustainability: Aligning Aesthetics and Ecology," in Placing Nature: Culture and Landscape ecology, ed. J. Nassauer Island press, 1997.

Marcia Eaton, "The Beauty that Requires Health," in J. Nassauer, ed., Placing Nature: Culture and Landscape Ecology (Island Press, 1997): pp. 86-106.

Don Mannison A Prolegomenon to a Human Chauvinist Aesthetic, in Mannison, McRobbie and Routley eds. Environmental Philosophy Cambera 1980.

R. Rees, "The Scenery Cult: Changing Landscapes Tastes over Three Centuries," Landscape 1975 vol 19

R. Rees,, The Taste for Mountain Scenery, History Today 1975 vol 25; He criticizes the "scenery cult" for "it is an unfortunate lapse which allows us to abuse our local environments and venerate the Alps and the Rockies."

Rees is a geographer

Allen , Admiring the Mirelands: The Difficult Beauty of Wetlands, 1998

Faking Nature Elliott; But Carlson claims that Elliott says we can't app nature aesthetically at all. See Chapter two of Faking Nature, "Env. Obligation, Aesthetic Value and the Basis of Natural Value" including last section ""Aesthetic Value and Intrinsic Value"

Rolston's Environmental Ethics, p. 232 "Valuing Aesthetic Nature,"

Rolston's Conserving Natural Value p. 118-122 on Aesthetic Appreciation of Wildlife, book generally does not list section on aesthetics.

Carlson on Rolston, "We see beauty now where we could not see it before: Rolston's Aesthetics of Nature" in Preston and Ouderkirk ed.

Eugene Hargrove, "Rolston on Beauty" in Preston and Ouderkirk ed.

Eugene Hargrove, Carlson and the Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature, Philosophy and Geography 5, 2 2002.

Allen Carlson, Hagrove, positive aesthetics and indifferent creativity, Philosophy and Geography 5, 2 2002.

Allen Carlson, Appreciating Godlovitch, Journal of Aesthtiecs and Art Criticism 55 1997, 55-7

Glenn Parsons, "Nature Appreciation, Science and Positive Aesthetics British Journal of Aesthetics" British Journal of Aesthetics 42,3, July 2002.

Allen Carlson, "Heyd and Newman on the Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature, AE Canadian Aesthetics Journal 6, 2001

Allen Carlson, Nature Appreciation and the question of aesthetic relevance in Envrionment and the arts, ed. Arnold Berleant Asgate 2002 62-65.

Glen Parsons and Allen Carlson, "Critical Notice of Zemarch, Real Beauty," Canadian Journal of Philosophy 29 1999 635-54.

Nick Zangwill, "Formal Natural Beauty, Proceedings of the Arsitotelian Society 101 2001.

Positive Aes by Carlson rec

E. Hargrove, "An Ontological Argument for Environmental Ethics" Chapter 6, Foundations of Environmental Ethics (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1989).

J. Thompson, "Aesthetics and the Value of Nature" Environmental Ethics 17 (1995).

Stan. Godlovitch, "Valuing Nature and the Autonomy of Natural Aesthetics" British Journal of Aesthetics 38, 2 (1998): 180-197.

S. Godlovitch, "Evaluating Nature Aesthetically" Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 56 (1998). I have

Stan Godlovitch, Aesthetic protectionism, Journal of Applied Philosophy 6, 1994.

M. Budd, "The Aesthetics of Nature" Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 100 (2000): 137-157. I have

Allen Carlson, On Aes APP of Japanese Gardens," British Journal of Aes 37 1977, 47-56 (discusses connection aes app and things looking natural and as they should)

Allen Carlson, "Critical notice of Rolston, Philosophy Gone Wild," Environmental Ethics 8 (1986): 163-77.

Allen Carlson, "on the possibility of quantifying Scenic Beauty," Landscape Planning, 1977 4 131-72.

Mark Sagoff, The Aesthetic Status of Forgeries, J of Aesthtetics and Art Criticism 1976 vol 35 169-80.

Environmental Art

Alan Sonfist, ed., Art in the Land: A Critical Anthology of Environmental Art Dutton, 1983.

Donald Crawford, Nature and Art: Some Dialectical Relationships," Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 1983 vol 42, pp. 49-58

Robert Smithson, "Frederick Law Olmstead and the Dialectical Landscape, Artform 1973 vol 11 pp 62-8.

Allen Carlson, "Interactions between Art and Nature: Environmental Art" in P. McCormic ed. The Reasons fo Art: L'Art a ses rasions U of Ottawa Press 1985 pp 222-31.

Allen Carlson, "Is Environmental Art an Aesthetic Affront to Nature?" Canadian Journal of Philosophy 1986 v 16 pp 635-50.

Peter Humphrey, "The Ethics of Earthworks," Environmental Ethics 7(1985):5-21

Donald Crawford, "Nature and Art: Some Dialectical Relationships," Journal

of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 42 (1983)

Stephanie Ross (University of Missouri, St. Louis), "Gardens, Earthworks, and Environmental Art" in Kemal, Salim, and Ivan Gaskell, eds., Landscape, Natural Beauty and the Arts.

Ross, Stephanie, What Gardens Mean. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998. 272 pages. $ 40.00.. Ross is in philosophy at the University of Missouri, St. Louis. (v.9,#4)

End: Environmental Art

Allen Carlson gives overview of some issues in landscape assessment research in "Landscape Assessment" in M. Kelly ed. Encyclopedia of Aesthetics, oxford 1989 vol 3 pp. 192-05

M. Mitas, ed Philosophy and Architecture, Amsterdam, Rodopi 1994, includes Allen Carlson's "Existence, Location and function: the appreciation of architecture,"

Carlson's discussion of the engagement model "Beyond the Aesthetic," JAAC 1994 239-41 and aes and engagement, Britich Jof A 93, 33 220-27.

Yuriko Saito, The Aesthetics of Unscenic Nature in Berleant and Carlson A. Berleant and A. Carlson (eds.) Special Issue: Environmental Aesthetics, Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 56 (1998)

Follow up to above Robert Fudge, "Imagination and the Science-based Aesthetic Appreciation of unscenic Nature, Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 59 2001 275-285.

Stan Godlovitch, "Carlson on Appreciation" and reply by Allen Carlson "Appreciating Godlovitch," JAAC 55, 1 Winter 1997

Sally Schauman, "The Garden and the Red Barn: The Pervasive Pastoral and Its Envrionmental Consequences," JAAC 56,2 Spring 1998.

Arnold Berleant, "The Persistent Dogma in Aesthetics" and response by Allen Carlson "Beyond the Aesthetic," in JAAC 2,2 Spring 1994.

Thomas Heyd, "Aesthetic Appreciation and the Many Stories about Nature," British Journal of Aesthetics 41, 2001. Critique of carlson? British Journal of Aesthetics, Volume 41, Issue 2, pp. 125-137: Abstract.

Thomas Heyd, "Rock Art Aesthetics and Cultural Apprpriation," JAAC 61,1 Winter 2003

Holmes Rolston, "From Beauty to Duty: Aesthetics of Nature and Environmental Ethics" in Diane Michelfelder and William H.Wilcox, Eds., The Beauty Around Us: Environmental Aesthetics in the Scenic Landscape and Beyond (Albany: SUNY Press, forthcoming).

deShalit (de-Shalit), Avner, "From the Political to the Objective: The Dialectics of Zionism and the Environment," Environmental Politics 4(no. 1, 1995):70- . In the short history of the Zionist movement in Israel there have already been three interpretations of the concept of the environment, of which two are completely political. The attitude of the first Jewish immigrants to Palestine was one of anxiety. Coming from Europe, this new environment was absolutely unfamiliar to them, and they regarded the sandy dunes, the desert and the swamps as a threat. They therefore romanticized it and their relationship to it, as is done by children who are afraid of witches, fire, and so forth. They claimed that the reunion of the Jewish soil with the Jewish soul would emancipate the Jews from their bourgeois character. The second interpretation was "conquering" the new environment, which was a way of making it more familiar and human-friendly. The environment which has been described as "nothingness," "emptiness," "desolation," had to be "made to flourish" and "civilized." Zionism adopted different interpretation of the environment in order to create a new type of Jew, or to prove that Zionism was right. A third possibility, now arising, may be to appreciate the environment more objectively, but it is not yet clear whether the environment can be treated non-politically. de-Shalit teaches politics at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem. (v6,#4)

Lane, Belden, The Solace of Fierce Landscapes: Exploring Desert and Mountain Spirituality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. 282 pages. Especially the desert wilderness. The ways the wilderness reveals, in part paradoxically by concealing, the love of a God who seems most silent, most absent in the waste places. 1. Connecting spirituality and the environment. Purgation: Emptiness in a Geography of Abandonment. Mythic Landscape: Grace and the Grotesque / Reflection on a Spirituality of Brokenness. 2. Places on the Edge: Wild Terrain and the Spiritual Life. Mythic Landscape: Fierce Back-Country and the Indifference of God. 3. Prayer Without Language in the Mystical Tradition / Knowing God as "Inaccessible Mountain" -- "Marvelous Desert." Mythic Landscape: Stalking the Snow Leopard / A Reflection on Work. 4. Mythic Landscape: Dragons of the Ordinary / The Discomfort of Common Grace. The Sinai Image in the History of Western Monotheism. Mythic Landscape: Encounter at Ghost Ranch. 5. Sinai and Tabor: Mountain Symbolism in the Christian Tradition. Mythic Landscape: Imaginary Mountains, Invisible Lands. Transformation as the Fruit of Indifference. Mythic Landscape: Transformation at Upper Moss Creek. 6. Desert Catechesis: The Landscape and Theology of Early Christian Monasticism. Mythic Landscape: Desert Terror and the Playfulness of God. 7. Attentiveness, Indifference, and Love: The Countercultural Spirituality of the Desert Christians. Mythic Landscape: Scratchings on the Wall of a Desert Cell. Rediscovering Christ in the Desert. Lane teaches theological studies at St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri. (v.9,#3)

Tiberghien, Gilles, Land Art. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1995. 311 pages. ISBN 1-56898-040-X. Originally published in French, ƒditions CarrŽ, 1993 under ISBN 2-908393-18-2. A coffee table size and style book detailing earthworks, photographs, sketches, with accompanying text, interpretation, criticism. "In seeking to find new parameters that allow a definition of what art is, the Land Art artists have produced new objects. Their move away from museums and galleries is also a desire to reinvent art, in a certain sense. But moving away from these spaces is also extending them. ... In using earth as a medium and material, they have not attempted to make nature into a new museum, ... Land Art is not primarily an art of landscape. ... The earth, dirt, on the other hand, with its power of provocation (simply from the troubling effect of its presence) ... is what gives Land Art acts their radicalism. ... The deserts, the quarries, the abandoned mines, the distant plains, and the mountainous summits give us the sense of a world where art takes on a new meaning, where museums disappear, and humanity is eclipsed." For philosophical commentary, see Peter Humphrey, "The Ethics of Earthworks," Environmental Ethics 7(1985):5-21; Allen Carlson, "Is Environmental Art an Aesthetic Affront to Nature?", Canadian Journal of Philosophy 16(1986):635-50. (v7,#4)

Vol. 3, No. 1 of Essays in Philosophy is now published and online. The topic of this issue is Environmental Aesthetics. https://www.humboldt.edu/~essays/.

"Interpreting Environments", by Emily Brady-Haapala

"A Hybrid Theory of Environmentalism", by Steve Matthews

"Nature Restoration Without Dissimulation: Learning from Japanese Gardens and Earthworks", by Thomas Heyd

"Scenic National Landscapes: Common Themes in Japan and the United States", by Yuriko Saito

"Aesthetics and Environmental Argument", by Ken Cussen

Robert Stecker, "The Correct and the Appropriate in the Appreciation of Nature, The British Journal of Aesthetics 37: 1997: 393-403.

On ethics of earthworks

Peter Humphrey, "The Ethics of Earthworks," Env. Ethics 7 1985: 5-21

Allen Carlson, "Is Env. Art an Aesthetic Affront to Nature?" Canadian Journal of Phil 16 1986 635-50

Alan Sonfist, ed., Art in the Land: A critical anthology of Env. Art (New York: Dutton, 1983)

Elizabeth Baker, "Artworks on the Land," Art in America 64, 1 Jan/Feb 1976: 92-96.

John Fisher, "What The Hills Are Alive With--In Defense of the Sounds of Nature," The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 562 (1998), pp. 167-179. and "The Value of Natural Sounds," The Journal of Aesthetic Education, 333 (1999), pp. 26-42.

Carlson, Aesthetics and the Environment $72/90 Routledge

Salim Kermal and Ivan Gaskell, Landscape, Natural Beauty and the Arts (Cambridge, 1993) (Rolston footnote). I have. Includes, among others, Yi-Fu Tuan, Desert and ice: ambivalent aesthetics, Stephani Ross, Gardens, earthworks, and Environmental art, Arnold Berleant, the aesthetics of art and nature, Donald Crawford, Comparing Natural and artistic beauty.

Env. Art (LRC has).

Earth Ethics 5,3 Spring 1994 is on on Art and the Environment

Alan Tormer, "Aesthetic Rights," Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 32 (1973): 163-170 and David Goldblatt, "Do Works of Art Have Rights?" Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 35 (1976): 69-77. Debate over the moral obligations to works of art that shows problematic nature of notion of interests.

Allen Carlson, "Nature, Aesthetic Appreciation, and Knowledge," Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 653 1995, 393-400.

P. Terrie, "John Muir on Moujnt Ritter: A New Wilderness Aesthetic," The Pacific Historian 31 (1987) 135-44 an introduction to Muir's aesthetic views of nature (a brand of positive aesthetics) see this article.

Hepburn's articles

Ronald Hepburn, The Reach of the Aesthetic: Collected Essays on Art and Nature, Aldershot and Burlington: Asgate, 2001.

Ronald Hepburn, "Landscape and the Metaphysical Imagination," Environmental Values 5,3 August 1996. 191-204. Aesthetics and env.

Ronald Hepburn, "Trivial and Serious in Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature," in Salim Kemal and Ivan Gaskell eds., Landscape, Natural Beauty and the Arts Cambridge, 1993. (In library)

Ronald Hepburn, "Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature," in Harold Osborne, ed., Aesthetics in the Modern World (1968).

R.W. Hepburn, "Contemporary Aesthetics and the Neglect of Natural Beauty," in B Williams and A Montefiore, eds., British Analytical Philosophy (London: Routledge, 1966).

Holmes Rolston, Does Aesthetic Appreciation of Landscapes Need to be Science-Based?, British Journal of Aesthetics 35,4 October 1995, pp. 374-386.

Holmes Rolston, Aesthetic Experience in Forests Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 56 (1998): 157. I Have.

Chapter on "The Aesthetic Value of Nature," in Susan Armstrong, and Richard Botzler, Environmental Ethics: Divergence and Convergence, McGraw-Hill, Inc. 1993. (In library) oages 104-163.

Gordon Orians and Judith Heerwagen, "Evolved Responses to Landscapes" in a section on "Environmental Aesthetics" in Jerome Barkow, Leda Cosmides and John Tooby, eds., THE ADAPTED MIND EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY AND THE GENERATION OF CULTURE (Oxford Univ. Press, 1992), pp. 555_579. The Adapted Mind paper on evolution of our reaction to landscapes, an evolutionary approach to env. aesthetics; pp 555-580.

John Haldane, "Admiring the High Mountains: The Aesthetics of Environment," Environmental Values 3 (1994): 97-106. I have.

Yuriko Saito, "Is There a Correct Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature?" Journal of Aesthetic Education 18,4 Winter 1984. I have.

Carlson replies to Saito "Saito on the Correct Aes App of Nature" J of Aes Ed 1986, 20 pp 85-93.

Paul Errington, "The Pricelessness of Untampered Nature," Journal of Wildlife Management 27, 1963: 313-320.

L.B. Leopold, "Landscapes Esthetics," Natural History 78 1969: 36-45.

Frank Sibley, "Aesthetic and nonaesthetic," Philosphical Review 74 (1965): 135-39.

Allen Carlson, "Nature and Positive Aesthetics," Environmental Ethics 6 (1984): 5-34.

In the particular course that considered positive aesthetics as its special topic, I introduced that topic using my "Nature and Positive Aesthetics," Environmental Ethics 6 (1984) and for the remainder of the course assigned sets of articles, which either developed the positive aesthetics position or called it into question. This also provided the opportunity for consideration of the overall positions of the authors. The sets were: 1. Two recent attempts to use positive aesthetics in relation to environmental ethics: Gene Hargrove, "An Ontological Argument for Environmental Ethics," Chapter 6, Foundations of Environmental Ethics, (Prentice Hall, 1989) and Jenna Thompson "Aesthetics and the Value of Nature," Environmental Ethics 17 (1995). 2. Stan Godlovitch's "Nature as Mystery" position and his ambivalence about positive aesthetics: Stan Godlovitch, "Icebreakers: Environmentalism and Natural Aesthetics," Journal of Applied Philosophy 11 (1994), "Evaluating Nature Aesthetically," in Berleant and Carlson(op. cit.), and "Valuing Nature and the Autonomy of Natural Aesthetics," British Journal of Aesthetics 38 (1998). 3: Yuriko Saito's concerns about scientific cognitivism in the appreciation of nature and the problem of unscenic nature: Yuriko Saito, "Is There a Correct Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature?," Journal of Aesthetic Education 18 (1984), "Appreciating Nature on its Own Terms," Environmental Ethics 20 (1998); and "The Aesthetics of Unscenic Nature," in Berleant and Carlson (op. cit.). 4. Malcolm Budd on the aesthetic appreciation of nature and his critique of positive aesthetics: Malcolm Budd, "The Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature," British Journal of Aesthetics 36 (1996) and "The Aesthetics of Nature," Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 100 (2000).

A. Berleant (ed.) Environment and the Arts: Perspectives on Environmental Aesthetics (Ashgate, 2002) (Thirteen articles by some main philosophical contributors to the field);

A. Berleant and A. Carlson (eds) Environmental Aesthetics, special issue of Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 56 (1998) (A theme issue with ten original articles covering the aesthetics of both natural and human environments);

A. Light and J. M. Smith (eds) The Aesthetics of Everyday Life (Seven Bridges, 2001) (Twelve articles emphasizing environmental aesthetics as the aesthetics of everyday life);

J. I. Nassauer (ed.) Placing Nature: Culture and Landscape Ecology, Washington, D.C.: (Island, 1997) (Ten original articles by individuals representing a wide range of disciplines and focusing mainly on landscape ecology);

Y. Sepanmaa (ed.) Real World Design: The Foundations and Practice of Environmental Aesthetics (University of Helsinki, 1997). (Twenty two short pieces presented at the Thirteenth International Congress of Aesthetics in 1995 by individuals representing different countries, approaches, and philosophical traditions).

Ronald Hepburn, "Trivial and Serious in Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature," in Salim Kemal and Ivan Gaskell eds., Landscape, Natural Beauty and the Arts Cambridge, 1993.

Holmes, Rolston, III, "Beauty and the Beast: Aesthetic Experience of Wildlife," in Daniel J. Decker and Gary R. Goff, eds., Valuing Wildlife: Economic and Social Perspectives (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1987), pp. 187-196.

May Theilgaard Watts, Reading the Landscape of America (1975, Macmillian) includes "Tundra Hailstorm" and In PUrsuit of Tlerance, Wind, Shade, and Salt in Massachusettes"

J. A. Walter, "You'll Love the Rockies," Landscape 17 (no. 3, 1983):43-47. (I have).

See Rolston's Bib and Syllab.

Terry C. Daniel, "The Legendary Beauthy of the Rockies: Is It Only Skin Deep? Jouranl of Hisotry of the Beahvioral Sciences 24 (1988): 18-23.

Allen Carlson, "On the Possibility of Quantifying Scenic Beauth," Landscape Planning 4 (1977): 131-172.

Neil Evernden, "Beauty and Nothingness: Prairie as Failed Resource," Landscape 27, 3 1983: 1-8.

Beauty of Environment 2nd ed. (Denton, TX Environmental Ethics Books, 1992).

Douglas Buege's Ph.D. dissertation Intrinsic Value, Organic Unity, and Environmental Philosophy: Grounding Our Values at Univ. of Minnesota, Fall 1993. Aesthetic notion of degree of organic unity provides ground for IV.

Allen Carlson, "Appreciating Art and Appreciating Nature," in Salim Kemal and Ivan Gaskell eds., Landscape, Natural Beauty and the Arts Cambridge, 1993, pp. 199-227.

Ronald Hepburn, "Trivial and Serious in Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature," in Salim Kemal and Ivan Gaskell eds., Landscape, Natural Beauty and the Arts Cambridge, 1993.

R.W. Hepburn, "Contemporary Aesthetics and the Neglect of Natural Beauty," in B Williams and A Montefiore, eds., British Analytical Philosophy (London: Routledge, 1966).

Alan McQuillan, "Cabbages and Kings: The Ethics and Aesthetics of New Forestry," Environmental Values 2 (1993): 191-222.

Cheryl Foster, "Aesthetic Disillusionment: Environment, Ethics, Art" Env. Values 1,3 1992. (I have)

Callicott's, "Leopold's Land Aesthetics" in In Defense of the Land Ethic.

Robert Elliot, "Environmental Degradation, Vandalism and the Aesthetic Object Argument," Australasian Journal of Philosophy 67 (1989). I have.

Rolston's Aes and Env. Course

Nature vs art

Rolston, Holmes, III, "Landscape, Eighteenth Century to the Present," in Michael Kelly, ed.-in-chief, Encyclopedia of Aesthetics (New York: Oxford University Press, forthcoming.

Ronald W. Hepburn, "Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature," in Harold Osborne, ed., Aesthetics in the Modern World (New York: Weybright and Talley, 1968), pp. 49-65.

Ronald Hepburn, "Trivial and Serious in Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature," in Salim Kemal and Ivan Gaskell, eds., Landscape, Natural Beauty and the Arts (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), pp. 65-80.

Sept. 9. Unit II. Valued Landscapes & the Sublime

David Lowenthal, "Finding Valued Landscapes," Progress in Human Geography (London) 2 (no. 3, 1978):373-417.

Marjorie Hope Nicolson, "Aesthetics of the Infinite," Chapter 7 in Mountain Gloom and Mountain Glory: The Development of the Aesthetics of the Infinite (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1959).

Marjorie Hope Nicolson, Mountain Gloom and Mountain Glory Norton 1963, chronicles the changing tastes toward mountains

Sept. 16. Unit III. Reading Landscapes, the Rockies

May Theilgaard Watts, "Tundra Hailstorm," in Watts, Reading the Landscape of America (New

York: Macmillan, 1975), pp. 250-265.

May Theilgaard Watts, "In Pursuit of Tolerance, Wind, Shade, and Salt in Massachusetts," in Watts, op. cit., pp. 21-37.

J. A. Walter, "You'll Love the Rockies," Landscape 17 (no. 3, 1983):43-47.

J. Baird Callicott, "Leopold's Land Aesthetic" from In Defense of the Land Ethic (Albany: State

University of New York Press, 1989).

Sept. 23. Unit IV. Science, Forests, and Prairies

Rolston, Holmes, III, "Does Aesthetic Appreciation of Landscapes Need to be Science-Based?"

British Journal of Aesthetics 35(1995):374-386.

Rolston, Holmes, III, "Aesthetic Experience in Forests," Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism

56(1998):157-166.

Neil Evernden, "Beauty and Nothingness: Prairie as Failed Resource," Landscape 27(no. 3,

1983):1-8.

Sept. 30. Unit V. Carlson

Carlson, Allen, "Appreciation and the Natural Environment," Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 37(1979):267-275.

Carlson, Allen, "Formal Qualities in the Natural Environment," Journal of Aesthetic Education

13(1979):99-114.

Allen Carlson, "Nature, Aesthetic Judgment, and Objectivity," Journal of Aesthetics and Art

Criticism 40 (no. 1, 1981):15-27.

Carroll, Noel, "On Being Moved by Nature: Between Religion and Natural History," in in Salim

Kemal and Ivan Gaskell, eds., Landscape, Natural Beauty and the Arts (Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press, 1993), pages 244-266.

Carroll, Noel, "Emotion, Appreciation and Nature" (a response to Carlson's article below where he criticises Carroll) in Noel Carroll, Beyond Aesthetics, Cambridge 2001.

Carlson, Allen, "Nature, Aesthetic Appreciation, and Knowledge, Journal of Aesthetics and Art

Criticism 53(1995):393-400

Allen Carlson, "On the Possibility of Quantifying Scenic Beauty," Landscape Planning

4(1977):131-172.

Oct. 21. Unit VII. Sepanmaa

Yrjo Sepanmaa, Chapter II, "In the Core Areas: A. Ontology (The environment as an aesthetic

object--its essential features and relations to other aesthetic objects)." From The Beauty of

Environment, 2nd ed. (Denton, TX: Environmental Ethics Books, 1993), pp. 27-79. First edition

published Helsinki, Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, 1986).

Oct. 28. Unit VIII. Berleant

Arnold Berleant, Chapter 1, "Environment as a Challenge to Aesthetics," (pp. 1-13) Chapter 2, "The Aesthetic Sense of Environment," (pp. 14-24) Chapter 3, "Descriptive Aesthetics," (pp. 25-39) Chapter 9, "Environmental Criticism," (pp. 126-144) Chapter 10, "Environment as Aesthetic Paradigm," (pp. 145-159)

From The Aesthetics of Environment (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1992).

Nov. 4. Unit IX. Tuan, The Senses

Yi-Fu Tuan, Chapter 3, "Pleasures of the Proximate Senses," (pp. 35-51, 55-62) (aesthetic

experience of taste, touch, smell, kinesthesia) Chapter 4, "Voices, Sounds, and Heavenly Music," (pp. 70-79) (aesthetic experience of sound) Chapter 5, "Visual Delight and Splendor," (pp. 96-118) (aesthetic experience of sight)

From Passing Strange and Wonderful (Washington, DC: Island Press, 1993)

Nov. 10. Unit X. Positive Aesthetics, Wildlife, Agriculture (Dr. Rolston in Scotland)

Allen Carlson, "Nature and Positive Aesthetics," Environmental Ethics 6(1984):5-34.

Holmes, Rolston, III, "Beauty and the Beast: Aesthetic Experience of Wildlife," in Daniel J. Decker and Gary R. Goff, eds., Valuing Wildlife: Economic and Social Perspectives (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1987), pp. 187-196.

Allen Carlson, "Appreciating Agricultural Landscapes," Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 13 (no. 3, 1985): 301-312.

Nov. 18. Unit XI. The Japanese and Nature (Dr. Rolston in Scotland)

Yuriko Saito, "The Japanese Appreciation of Nature," British Journal of Aesthetics 23 (no. 3,

1985):239-251.

Yuriko Saito, "Is There a Correct Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature?," Journal of Aesthetic

Education 18(1984):35-46.

Christophr Ives, "Nature Wild and Stylized: Gary Snyder and the Japanese Love and Destruction of Shizen (Nature)," typescript, Christopher Ives, Department of Religion, University of Puget Sound.

Nov. 25. Thanksgiving break

Dec. 2. Unit XII. Evolution and Aesthetics, Biophilia (Dr. Rolston in Scotland)

Gordon H. Orians and Judith H. Heerwagen, "Evolved Responses to Landscapes," in Jerome H.

Barkow, Leda cosmides and John Tooby, eds., The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and

the Generation of Culture (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), pages 555- 579.

Judith H. Heerwagen and Gordon H. Orians, "Humans, Habitats, and Aesthetics," in Stephen R.

Kellert and Edward O. Wilson, eds., The Biophilia Hypothesis (Washington, DC: Island Press,

1993), pages 138-172.

Roger S. Ulrich, "Biophilia, Biophobia, and Natural Landscapes," in Stephen R. Kellert and Edward O. Wilson, eds., The Biophilia Hypothesis (Washington, DC: Island Press, 1993), 73-137.

Take home final distributed.

Dec. 9. Unit XIII. Rolston

Holmes Rolston, III, "Lake Solitude," in Philosophy Gone Wild (Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books, 1986), pp. 223-232. Originally in Main Currents in Modern Thought 31 (no. 4, 1975):121-126.

Holmes Rolston, III, "Meditation at the Precambrian Contact," in Philosophy Gone Wild, pp.

233-240. Originally published as, "Hewn and Cleft from this Rock," Main Currents in Modern

Thought 27 (no. 3, 1971):79-83.

Holmes Rolston, III, "The Pasqueflower," in Philosophy Gone Wild, pp. 256-261. Originally

published in Natural History 88 (no. 4, 1979):6-16.

The Aesthetics of Nature

Budd M.

Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 2000, vol. 100, no. 2, pp. 137-157(21)

Blackwell Publishers Ltd, Oxford, UK and Boston, USA

Malcolm Budd, "The Aesthetics of Nature," Proceedings of the Arsitotelian Society 100 2000

John Fisher's Aes and Env. bib

Beardsley, M.: "The aesthetic point of view," reprinted in The Aesthetic Point of View: Selected Essays, ed. Michael J. Wreen and Donald M. Callen (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1982), pp. 15-34. [defines aesthetic point of view and aesthetic value]

Budd, M.: "The aesthetic appreciation of nature," British Journal of Aesthetics, 36 (1996), 207-222. [exploration of requirements of aesthetic appreciation of nature]

This is where Carlson suggests that says one must appreciate nature as nature.

Carlson, A.: "Appreciation and the natural environment," The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 37 (1979), pp. 267-75. [refutes traditional approaches to the appreciation of nature]

Carlson, A.: "Nature, aesthetic judgment, and objectivity," The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 40 (1981), 15-27. [argues that adequate appreciation of nature requires regarding nature under scientific categories]

Carlson, A.: Nature and positive aesthetics. Environmental Ethics, 6 (1984), 5-34. [defense of the position of positive aesthetics]

Elliot, R.: Faking Nature: The Ethics of Environmental Restoration (London: Routledge, 1997) [examination of restoration ecology and the value of naturalness]

Hargrove, E. C.: Foundations of Environmental Ethics (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1989). [systematic treatment of environmental ethics, with emphasis on importance of natural beauty]

Hutcheson, F.: An Inquiry into the Original of our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue (London, 1725) [early theory of beauty]

Kellert, S., and Wilson, E., eds.: The Biophilia Hypothesis (Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 1993) [collection of articles exploring biophilia]

Reisner, M.: Cadillac Desert: The American West and Its Disappearing Water (Penguin: London, 1986) [history of the exploitation of water in the American West]

Rolston, III, H.: "Does aesthetic appreciation of landscapes need to be science-based?," British Journal of Aesthetics, 35 (1995), 374-386. [an account of appreciation of nature]

Sagoff, M.: "Zuckerman's Dilemma: a plea for environmental ethics," Hastings Center Report, 21 (1991 ), 32-40. [argument that instrumental value of nature cannot justify preservation]

Sibley, F.: "Aesthetic concepts," Philosophical Review, 68 (1959), reprinted in Neill, A. and Ridley, A. eds. The Philosophy of Art: Readings Ancient and Modern (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1995), 312-331. [classic account of the nature of aesthetic terms]

Sober, E. 1986. "Philosophical problems for environmentalism," Reflecting on Nature, ed. L. Gruen and D. Jamieson (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1994), pp. 345-362. [claims that aesthetic considerations are the only ones that can justify nature preservation]

Thompson, J. 1995. "Aesthetics and the value of nature," Environmental Ethics 17 (1995), 291-305. [defense of an environmental preservationist position]

End Aesthetics and Env

--Loftis, J. Robert, "Three Problems for the Aesthetic Foundations of Environmental Ethics," Philosophy in the Contemporary World 10 (no. 2, Fall-Winter 2003):41-50. A critical look at aesthetics as the basis for nature preservation, presenting three reason why we should not rely on aesthetic foundations to justify the environmentalist program. First, a comparison to other kinds of aesthetic value shows that the aesthetic value of nature can provide weak reason for action at best. Second, not everything environmentalists want to protect has positive aesthetic qualities. Attempts have been made to get around this problem by developing a reformist attitude towards natural aesthetics. These approaches fail. Third, development can be as aesthetically positive as nature. If it is simply beauty we are looking for, why can't the beauty of a well-constructed dam or a magnificent skyscraper suffice? Loftis is in philosophy, University of Alabama.

"From Beauty to Duty: Aesthetics of Nature and Environmental Ethics." Pages 127-141 in Arnold Berleant, eds., Environment and the Arts: Perspectives on Environmental Ethics (Aldershot, Hampshire, UK and Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2002) Introduction: Art, environment and the shaping of experience, Arnold Berleant; Data and theory in aesthetics: philosophical understanding and misunderstanding, Ronald W. Hepburn; The two aesthetic cultures: the great analogy of art and the environment, Yrjö Sepänmaa; Art and nature: the interplay of works of art and natural phenomena, Arto Haapala; Nature appreciation and the question of aesthetic relevance, Allen Carlson; Embodied metaphors, Kaia Lehari; Urban richness and the art of building, Pauline von Bonsdorff; Front yards, Kevin Melchionne; Aesthetics, ethics and the natural environment, Emily Brady From beauty to duty: aesthetics of nature and environmental ethics, Holmes Rolston; Embodied music Arnold Berleant; Dot.com Dot.edu: technology and environmental aesthetics in Japan, Barbara Sandrisser Environmental directions for aesthetics and the arts, Yuriko Saito; Index.